تاثیر دو برنامه تمرین کششی- تعادلی با زمان بندی مختلف بر برخی از عملکردهای جسمانی در مردان مسن

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناس ارشد فیزیولوژی ورزش، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری، سبزوار، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه فیزیولوژی ورزش، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری، سبزوار، ایران

چکیده

هدف:
زمان بندی­ های مختلف تمرینات کششی می­ تواند تاثیرات متفاوتی بر  عملکرد جسمانی افراد سالمند داشته باشد. هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی تاثیر دو برنامه تمرین کششی- تعادلی با زمان بندی مختلف بر برخی از عملکردهای جسمانی در مردان مسن بود.
روش بررسی:
60 مرد سالمند با دامنه سنی 74-60 سال، به صورت تصادفی به پنج گروه مساوی شامل 1) تمرینات کششی - تعادلی با برتری پویا در مدت60 ثانیه، 2) تمرینات کششی - تعادلی با برتری ایستا در مدت60 ثانیه، 3) تمرینات کششی - تعادلی با برتری پویا در مدت90 ثانیه، 4) تمرینات کششی - تعادلی با برتری ایستا در مدت90 ثانیه و 5) کنترل تقسیم شدند. برنامه تمرینی شامل حرکات کششی ترکیبی (ایستا و پویا) و حرکات تعادلی بود که سه بار در هفته در مدت هشت هفته انجام شد. داده ­ها با استفاده از روش­ های آماری کلموگروف- اسمیرنوف، آنالیز واریانس یک طرفه و تی وابسته در سطح معناداری 0/05≥p تحلیل شدند. 
یافته­ ها:
نتایج نشان داد شاخص های قدرت عضلانی پایین­تنه، استقامت عضلانی، انعطاف پذیری بالاتنه و پایین­تنه، چابکی، تعادل ایستا و تعادل پویا در اکثر گروه­ های تجربی در مقایسه با گروه کنترل به طور قابل توجهی بهبود یافت. اما برنامه های تمرینی مختلف بر قدرت عضلانی بالاتنه و عملکرد استقامتی تاثیری نداشتند.
نتیجه­ گیری:
می ­توان گفت مردان مسن برای بهبود شاخص ­های آمادگی جسمانی و حرکتی بهتر است از برنامه­ های تمرینی گروه یک (تمرینات کششی-تعادلی با غالب پویا به مدت 60 ثانیه) و گروه چهار (تمرینات کششی-تعادلی با غالب ایستا در مدت 90 ثانیه) استفاده کنند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


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