بررسی تأثیر 12 هفته تمرین ترکیبی و مکمل‌یاری جینکوبیلوبا بر الگوی امواج مغزی افراد میانسال

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد علوم ورزشی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان، ایران

2 استادیار گروه علوم ورزشی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان، ایران

3 دانشیار گروه علوم ورزشی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان، ایران

4 استادیار گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، پژوهشگاه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

هدف:
ورزش و مکمل ­های گیاهی کم خطر در دوران میان‌سالی برای جلوگیری از آسیب­ های این دوران ضروری می ­باشد. هدف پژوهش، مطالعه بررسی بررسی تأثیر 12 هفته تمرین ترکیبی و مکمل­یاری جینکوبیلوبا بر الگوی امواج مغزی افراد میانسال بود.
روش بررسی:
پژوهش حاضر، نیمه‌تجربی است. جامعه آماری مردان میانسال شهر زابل بودند؛ 20 نفر با دامنه سنی 64-55 سال به‌صورت در دسترس به‌عنوان نمونه انتخاب و در 2 گروه (n=10): 1.تمرین ترکیبی و 2. مکمل جینکوبیلوبا، به‌ صورت تصادفی قرار گرفتند. گروه­ تمرین، به مدت 12 هفته، 2 جلسه در هفته، هر جلسه 60 دقیقه، تمرینات هوازی با شدت 55 تا 75 درصد ضربان قلب بیشینه و تمرین مقاومتی فزآینده با 50 تا 60 درصد یک تکرار بیشینه (One Repetition Maximum; 1RM)  و به­ صورت دایره ­ای در 11 ایستگاه روی عضلات بزرگ بدن در چهار ست با 12 تکرار و 60 ثانیه استراحت در بین ست­ ها انجام دادند. گروه مکمل، روزانه 2 عدد، کپسول­ عصاره خشک جینکوبیلوبا حاوی 1/6 میلی­گرم فلاونوئید تام را به ­مدت سه ماه استفاده نمودند. قبل از اعمال مداخله (تمرین ورزشی و مکمل جینکوبیلوبا) و بعد آن، ارزیابی عملکرد مغز با استفاده از دستگاه الکتروآنسفالوگرافی (EEG) انجام شد. از آزمون تی- زوجی جهت مقایسه نتایج پیش و پس­ آزمون و از آزمون تی-مستقل به‌منظور مقایسه نتایج دو گروه، با استفاده از نرم فزار SPSS-25 در سطح معنی­داری کمتر از 0/05 استفاده شد (P≤0/05).
یافته ­ها:
نتایج نشان داد که در گروه تمرین، الگوی امواج مغزی آلفا (از 9/0 به 10/4 هرتز) (0/001=p)، بتا (از 18/9 به 21/6 هرتز) (0/001=p)، وضعیت شناختی (از 22/8 مکمل جینکوبیلوبا، الگوی امواج آلفا (از 9/1 به 10/9 هرتز) (0/001=p)، بتا (از 19/2 به 22/7 هرتز) (0/001=p)، تتا (از 4/8 به 5/8 هرتز) (0/001=p)، وضعیت شناختی (از 21/7 به 26/0) (0/001=p) و کیفیت زندگی (از 98/2 به 114/1) (0/001=p) افزایش معنی ­داری و موج دلتا (از 2/5 به 1/7 هرتز) (0/005=p) کاهش معنی ­داری را نشان دادند. در مقایسه دو گروه با هم فقط در موج تتا تفاوت معنی­ داری مشاهده شد (0/002=P).
نتیجه‌گیری:
نتایج حاکی از آن است که تمرین ترکیبی و مکمل جینکوبیلوبا، هر کدام به ­صورت مستقل باعث ایجاد آثار مثبت و مفیدی بر الگوی امواج مغزی و فرآیند­های پردازش اطلاعات و در نهایت بهبود وضعیت شناختی و کیفیت زندگی در افراد میانسال می ­شوند.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

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فصلنامه علمی- پژوهشی علوم پیراپزشکی وتوانبخشی
دوره 14، شماره 2
مرداد 1404
صفحه 53-69

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