Journal of Paramedical Sciences & Rehabilitation

Journal of Paramedical Sciences & Rehabilitation

Effect of Training Modified FIFA 11+ on Kinematic Factors of Landing in Elite Handball Players

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
S Abedinzadeh 1
M Sahebalzamani 1
M.R Amir Seyfaddini 2
H Abbasi 3
1 Department of Sport Injury and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University, Kerman, Iran
2 Department of Sport Biomechanichs, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University, Kerman, Iran
3 Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Psychology, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
10.22038/jpsr.2019.25426.1677
Abstract
Purpose:
Warm-up programs are one of the most commonly used prevention programs in various sports. The most famous warmup training program is the FIFA 11+ for soccer which has been well researched in different sports. However, the mechanism of the effect of these exercises is still unclear, and this study examines the kinematic changes in landing after jumping by intervention of the modified FIFA 11+ program.
Methods:
In this semi-experimental study, 48 young and adult elite handball players were selected in the national league and randomly assigned into the equal training and control groups. The training group performed routine exercise and modified FIFA 11+, while the control group had only their routines exercises. Using the force plate and the Opti-Track camera, and the passive markers located on the landmarks of the body, by using MATLAB program, the trunk and knee flexion angles on the sagittal plane and the knee valgus angle on the frontal plate during the landing from the vertical jump at initial contact and whole landing time were analyzed.
Results:
The modified 11+ training program had a significant effect on landing kinematic factors including increased flexion angle of the trunk and knee flexion and reduction of knee valgus angle in the training group. Comparing the two groups in post-test analysis, the flexion angles of the trunk and knee valgus angle were significantly different between the training group and the control group.
Conclusion:
The warm up and prevention program of FIFA 11+ with increase trunk flexion have an effect on lower limb muscle activation, resulting in more energy absorption and less force transmitted to the knee. By increasing the angle of knee flexion, reduces the shear forces and thus reduces pressure on the knee ligaments. Also, with the reduction of the valgus knee angle, the valgus load is reduced and all of these factors can be the cause of reducing the incidence and reduce the severity of injuries to the lower extremities, especially the knee.
Keywords
FIFA 11+
Landing
Handball
Knee valgus angle
Kinematics
Subjects
  1. Brito J, Figueiredo P, Fernandes L, Seabra A, et al. Isokinetic strength effects of FIFA's" The 11+" injury prevention training programme. Isokinetics and Exercise Science 2010 ; 18(4): 211-5.
  2. Sigward SM, Pollard CD, Powers CM. The influence of an ACL injury prevention program on knee valgus moments during cutting: an evaluation of pre-pubertal, pubertal and post-pubertal female athletes. Journal of Athletic Training 2008; 43(5): 559-60.
  3. Longo UG, Loppini M, Berton A, Marinozzi A, et al. The FIFA 11+ program is effective in preventing injuries in elite male basketball players: a cluster randomized controlled trial. The American journal of sports medicine 2012; 40(5): 996-1005.
  4. Wedderkopp N, Kaltoft M, Lundgaard B, Rosendahl M, et al. Prevention of injuries in young female players in European team handball. A prospective intervention study. Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports 1999; 9(1): 41-7.
  5. Wedderkopp N, Kaltoft M, Holm R, Froberg K. Comparison of two intervention programmes in young female players in European handball–with and without ankle disc. Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports 2003; 13(6): 371-5.
  6. Olsen OE, Myklebust G, Engebretsen L, Holme I, et al. Exercises to prevent lower limb injuries in youth sports: cluster randomised controlled trial. Bmj 2005; 330(7489): 449.
  7. Jacobs CA, Uhl TL, Mattacola CG, Shapiro R, et al. Hip abductor function and lower extremity landing kinematics: sex differences. Journal of athletic training 2007; 42(1): 76.
  8. Olsen OE, Myklebust G, Engebretsen L, Bahr R. Injury mechanisms for anterior cruciate ligament injuries in team handball. The American journal of sports medicine.2004; 32(4): 1002-12.
  9. Moller M, Attermann J, Myklebust G, Wedderkopp N. Injury risk in Danish youth and senior elite handball using a new SMS text messages approach. Br J Sports Med 2012; 46(7): 531-7.
  10. Reckling C, Zantop T, Petersen W. Epidemiology of injuries in juvenile handball players. Sportverletzung Sportschaden: Organ der Gesellschaft fur Orthopadisch-Traumatologische Sportmedizin 2003; 17(3): 112-7.
  11. Koga H, Nakamae A, Shima Y, Iwasa J, et al. Mechanisms for noncontact anterior cruciate ligament injuries: knee joint kinematics in 10 injury situations from female team handball and basketball. The American journal of sports medicine 2010; 38(11): 2218-25.
  12. Petersen W, Braun C, Bock W, Schmidt K, et al. A controlled prospective case control study of a prevention training program in female team handball players: the German experience. Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery 2005; 125(9): 614.
  13. Anbarian M, Hajiloo B, Sepehrian M, Sadeghi S, et al. The Effect of Quadriceps Fatigue on Co-Activation of Knee Muscles during Walking. Jundishapur Sci Med J 2015; 14(3): 309-321.
  14. Mizrahi J, Susak Z. Analysis of parameters affecting impact force attenuation during landing in human vertical free fall. Engineering in Medicine 1982; 11(3):141-7.
  15. Chappell JD, Creighton RA, Giuliani C, Yu B, et al. Kinematics and electromyography of landing preparation in vertical stop-jump. The American Journal of Sports Medicine 2007; 35: 235-241.
  16. Pappas E, Nightingale EJ, Simic M, Ford KR, et al. Do exercises used in injury prevention programmes modify cutting task biomechanics? A systematic review with meta-analysis. Br J Sports Med 2015; 49(10): 673-80.
  17. Cerulli G, Benoit DL, Caraffa A, Ponteggia F. Proprioceptive training and prevention of anterior cruciate ligament injuries in soccer. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy 2001; 31(11): 655-60.
  18. Hewett TE, Stroupe AL, Nance TA, and Noyes FR. Plyometric training in female athletes. The American Journal of Sports Medicine 1996; 24: 765-773.
  19. Huston LJ and Wojtys EM. Neuromuscular performance characteristics in elite female athletes. The American Journal of Sports Medicine 1996; 24: 427-436.
  20. Rozzi SL, Lephart SM, Gear, W Sand Fu FH. Knee joint laxity and neuromuscular characteristics of male and female soccer and basketball players. The American Journal of Sports Medicine 1999; 27: 312-319.
  21. Carcia CR, Shultz SJ, Granata KP, Perrin DH, et al. Females recruit quadriceps faster than males at multiple knee flexion angles following a weight-bearing rotary perturbation. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine 2005; 15: 167-171.
  22. McLean S, WalkerK, and Van DenBogert A. Effect of gender on lower extremity kinematics during rapid direction changes: an integrated analysis of three sports movements. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 2005; 8: 411-422.
  23. Gray J, Taunton J, McKenzie D, Clement D, et al. A survey of injuries to the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee in female basketball players. Int J Sports Med 1985; 6: 314-316.
  24. Ferretti A, Papandrea P, Conteduca F, and Mariani PP. Knee ligament injuries in volleyball players. The American Journal of Sports Medicine 1992; 20: 203-207.
  25. Dufek J and Bates B. Biomechanical factors associated with injury during landing in jump sports. Sports Medicine 1991; 12: 326-337.
  26. Beynnone BD and Fleming BC. Anterior cruciate ligament strain in-vivo: a review of previous work. Journal Biomechanic 1998; 31: 519-25.
  27. Arendt E and Dick R. Knee injury patterns among men and women in collegiate basketball and soccer. The American Journal of Sports Medicine 1995; 23: 694-701.
  28. Blackburn JT and Padua DA. Influence of trunk flexion on hip and knee joint kinematics during a controlled drop landing. Clinical Biomechanics 2008; 23: 313-319.
  29. Rajabi R, Mohammadpour S. The relationship between sagittal plane kinematics of trunk, knee and anterior tibial shear force during single-leg landing. Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences 2014; 19(2): 47-56. [Persian]
  30. Blackburn JT and Padua DA. Sagittal-plane trunk position, landing forces, and quadriceps electromyographic activity. Journal of Athletic Training 2009; 44: 174-179.
  31. Griffin LY, Age lJ, Albohm MJ, Arendt EA, et al. Noncontact anterior cruciate ligament injuries: risk factors and prevention strategies. Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons 2000; 8: 141-150.
  32. Powers CM. The influence of abnormal hip mechanics on knee injury: a biomechanical perspective. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2010; 40: 42-51.
  33. Alentorn-Geli E, Myer G, Silvers H, Samitier G, et al. Prevention of non-contact anterior cruciate ligament injuries in soccer players. Part 1: Mechanisms of injury and underlying risk factors. Knee Surgery Sports Traumatology Arthroscopy 2009; 17: 705-729.
  34. Shimokochi Y, Ambegaonkar J, Meyer E, Lee S, et al. Changing sagittal plane body position during single-leg landings influences the risk of non-contact anterior cruciate ligament injury. Knee Surgery Sports Traumatology Arthroscopy 2013; 21: 888-897.
  35. Nagano Y, Ida H, Akai M, Fukubayashi T. Effects of jump and balance training on knee kinematics and electromyography of female basketball athletes during a single limb drop landing: pre-post intervention study. Sports Medicine, Arthroscopy, Rehabilitation, Therapy & Technology 2011; 3(1): 14.
  36. Chappell JD, Limpisvasti O. Effect of a neuromuscular training program on the kinetics and kinematics of jumping tasks. The American journal of sports medicine 2008; 36(6): 1081-6.
  37. Pollard CD, Sigward SM, Ota S, Langford K, et al. The influence of in-season injury prevention training on lower-extremity kinematics during landing in female soccer players. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine 2006; 16(3): 223-7.
  38. Lees A, Methods of impact absorption when landing from a jump. Engineering in Medicine 1981; 10: 207-211.
  39. Kulas AS, Schmitz RJ, Shultz SJ, Henning JM et al. Sex-specific abdominal activation strategies during landing. Journal of Athletic Training 2006; 41: 381-386.
  40. Devita P and Skelly WA. Effect of landing stiffness on joint kinetics and energetics in the lower extremity. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 1992; 24: 108-15.
  41. Walusz HJ. The relationship between knee flexion, hip flexion, and trunk flexion angles and anterior tibial shear force during a jump-landing task (Doctoral dissertation, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) 2007: 33-46.
  42. Mohamadi M, Alizadeh MH, Ebrahimi E, Shirzad E. The Influence of a Neuromuscular Exercise Program on Lower Limb Function and Knee 3D Alignment of Handball Male Players in single leg Landing Studies in Sport Medicine 2014; 16: 13-32. [Persian]
  43. Myer GD, Ford KR, McLean SG, Hewett TE. The effects of plyometric versus dynamic stabilization and balance training on lower extremity biomechanics. The American journal of sports medicine 2006; 34(3): 445-55.
  44. Kato S, Urabe Y, Kawamura K. Alignment control exercise changes lower extremity movement during stop movements in female basketball players. The Knee 2008; 15(4): 299-304.
  45. Wilderman DR, Ross SE, Padua DA. Thigh muscle activity, knee motion, and impact force during side-step pivoting in agility-trained female basketball players. Journal of athletic training 2009; 44(1): 14-25.
  46. Herman DC, Oñate JA, Weinhold PS, Guskiewicz KM, et al. The effects of feedback with and without strength training on lower extremity biomechanics. The American journal of sports medicine 2009; 37(7): 1301-8.
  47. Herman DC, Weinhold PS, Guskiewicz KM, Garrett WE, et al. The effects of strength training on the lower extremity biomechanics of female recreational athletes during a stop-jump task. The American journal of sports medicine 2008; 36(4): 733-40.
  48. Lim BO, Lee YS, Kim JG, An KO, et al. Effects of sports injury prevention training on the biomechanical risk factors of anterior cruciate ligament injury in high school female basketball players. The American journal of sports medicine 2009; 37(9): 1728-34.
  49. Bell DR, Oates DC, Clark MA, Padua DA. Two-and 3-dimensional knee valgus are reduced after an exercise intervention in young adults with demonstrable valgus during squatting. Journal of athletic training 2013; 48(4): 442-9.
  50. Olson TJ, Chebny C, Willson JD, Kernozek TW, et al. Comparison of 2D and 3D kinematic changes during a single leg step down following neuromuscular training. Physical Therapy in Sport 2011; 12(2): 93-9.
  51. Myer GD, Ford KR, Palumbo JP, Hewett TE. Neuromuscular training improves performance and lower-extremity biomechanics in female athletes. Journal of Strength and conditioning Research 2005; 19(1): 51.
  52. Holm I, Fosdahl MA, Friis A, Risberg MA, et al. Effect of neuromuscular training on proprioception, balance, muscle strength, and lower limb function in female team handball players. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine 2004; 14(2): 88-94.
  53. Barendrecht M, Lezeman HC, Duysens J, Smits-Engelsman BC. Neuromuscular training improves knee kinematics, in particular in valgus aligned adolescent team handball players of both sexes. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 2011; 25(3): 575-84.

Journal of Paramedical Sciences & Rehabilitation
Volume 8, Issue 1
Spring 2019
Pages 45-57