A Review on the Effect of Rehabilitation Exercises Based on Core Muscles Stability and ‎Strengthening on the Mechanics of Transitional Movements in People with Non-Specific ‎Back Pain

Document Type : Review Article

Authors

1 Department of Sports Biomechanics, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology ‎University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran

2 Department of Sports Biomechanics, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, ‎University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran

3 Department of Sports Biomechanics, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, ‎University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.‎

Abstract

Purpose:
Low back pain is a common problem in world and one of the most common causes of physical disability. The aim of this review study was to investigate the effects of rehabilitation exercises with a central muscle stabilization approach on kinetic, kinematic and electromyographic variables during walking, running, trunk flexion and extension movements in patients with back pain.
Methods:
Search process for Persian and English articles from the beginning of January 2000 to August 2023 were performed in Google Scholar, ISC, Scopus, Pub Med, WOS, and SID databases. Finally, based on selection criteria, 19 articles were selected for final analysis through detailed reviews. The participants had non-specific back pain. Studies that included exercise protocols and control group were used in the present study. The dependent variables were kinematics and kinetics and muscle activity during transitional movements. Downs and Black questionnaires were used to evaluate the quality of the articles.
Results:
The results of four articles showed that rehabilitation exercises with muscle endurance approach can improve the electrical activity of muscles and reduce back pain. The results of seven articles showed that strengthening, stretching and massage exercises can be effective in improving pain through correcting the person's vertical alignment. Other articles in a period of at least eight weeks showed that strengthening the central muscles of the body can lead to neuromuscular adaptation and increase muscle fibers recruitment in patients with back pain.
Conclusion:
The present review have shown  that rehabilitation exercises with the approach of strengthening the central muscles of the body can lead to improving the flexibility of the trunk muscles, correcting the person's vertical alignment and reducing the back pain.

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