The Effect of Eight Weeks of Aerobic Training on Serum Levels of RAGE and Interleukin-17 in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with and without Hyperlipidemia

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Sports Physiology, Isf.C., Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran

2 Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad

3 College of Physical Education and Sports Science, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Iraq

4 Department of Sports Physiology, Isf.C., Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran.

Abstract

Purpose: Type 2 diabetes, the most common disease resulting from metabolic disorders, is a major global challenge that increases inflammatory factors such as RAGE (Receptor for Advanced Glycation End products) and interleukin‑17 (IL‑17), as well as glucose, insulin, and insulin resistance (HOMA‑IR). The aim of this study was to examine the effect of an eight‑week aerobic training program on the levels of RAGE and IL‑17 in women with type 2 diabetes, with and without hyperlipidemia.
Methods: This semi‑experimental applied study used a pre‑test/post‑test design. The statistical population comprised type‑2 diabetic patients with and without hyperlipidemia. The sample size was 52 women, randomly assigned to four groups of 13 each: 1) diabetes, 2) diabetes + exercise, 3) diabetes + hyperlipidemia, 4) diabetes + hyperlipidemia + exercise. The aerobic interval training lasted eight weeks, with five sessions per week. Each session consisted of 10–13 one‑minute repetitions at 70–50 % of maximal heart rate, followed by one minute of active recovery at 40–30 % of maximal heart rate. The control group performed no exercise during the study period. Blood samples were taken 24 h before and 48 h after the final training session, and the serum was used to measure RAGE and IL‑17 levels, insulin‑resistance index, glucose, and insulin. Data were analyzed with repeated‑measures ANOVA at a 5 % significance level using SPSS version 27.
Results: Results showed that aerobic exercise had a significant effect on RAGE (p < 0.001), IL‑17 (p < 0.001, η² = 0.635), glucose (p < 0.001), insulin (p < 0.001), and insulin resistance (p < 0.001)
Conclusion: Eight weeks of interval aerobic training in type‑2 diabetic patients with and without hyperlipidemia significantly reduced RAGE and IL‑17 levels, insulin‑resistance index, glucose, and insulin. This indicates that interval aerobic exercise can effectively improve metabolic and inflammatory status in these patients and may serve as an adjunctive method for faster management and improvement of type‑2 diabetes.

Keywords

References

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Journal of Paramedical Sciences & Rehabilitation
Volume 14, Issue 4
February 2026
Pages 56-71

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