اثر برنامه های مداخله ای بر تعادل افراد سندرم داون: مروری نظام مند بر مطالعات گذشته ‏

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه آسیب شناسی ورزشی و حرکات اصلاحی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری آسیب شناسی ورزشی و حرکات اصلاحی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران

چکیده

هدف:
افراد سندرم داون با اختلال در رشد روانی-حرکتی توصیف می شوند که ضعف تعادل یکی از ویژگی های رشد حرکتی این افراد می باشد. یکی از راه های کاهش اختلال تعادل در این گروه انجام مداخلات تمرینی است. مطالعات اندکی، به بررسی مداخلات تمرینی مختلف در راستای کاهش یا بهبود این اختلال در افراد سندرم داون پرداخته است. بنابراین هدف از تحقیق حاضر بررسی، اثر برنامه های مداخله ای بر تعادل افراد سندرم دوان است.
روش بررسی:
روش بررسی: بررسی سیستماتیک مطالعات تجربی و نیمه تجربی که به تأثیر مداخلات تمرینی بر بهبود تعادل در افراد سندرم داون طراحی شده اند، انجام شد. جستجوها در پایگاه های اطلاعاتی  PubMed ، Web of Science ،Medline ،Google Scholar،Scopus . همچنین در پایگاه های فارسی، پایگاه مرکز اطلاعات علمی جهاد دانشگاهی (MedLib)، بانک جامع مقالات پزشکی ( IranMedex)، پژوهشگاه علوم و فناوری اطلاعات ایران (IRANDOC)، بانک اطلاعات نشریات کشور (MAGIRAN) با ترکیبی از کلمات کلیدی سندرم داون، تعادل، برنامه تمرینی در بازه زمانی سال 2002 تا 2020 انجام شد. مطالعات با استفاده از معیارهای از پیش تعریف شده ورود و خروج انتخاب شدند. برای جمع آوری ویژگی های اصلی هر مقاله یک فرم استخراج داده و ارزیابی ارسالی تهیه شده بود.
یافته ها:
از بین 242 مقاله شناسایی شده با حذف نسخه های تکراری و مطالعه متن کامل، 27 مقاله معیار های ورود مورد نظر را برای مطالعه نهایی بدست آوردند. یافته ها نشان داد که مداخلات تمرینی نسبت به شرایط کنترل برای بهبود تعادل افراد سندرم داون موثرتر است. همچنین نتایج مطالعات نشان می دهد اکثر برنامه های تمرینی و پروتکل های توانبخشی تاثیر مثبتی بر تعادل افراد سندرم داون دارند و تنها تمرینات سوپربرین یوگا تاثیر معناداری بر تعادل ایستا نداشت، همچنین نتایج برخی مطالعات نشان داد که برنامه تمرینی ترکیبی در مقایسه با دیگر برنامه های تمرینی تاثیر بهتری بر تعادل افراد سندرم دوان دارد.
نتیجه گیری:
بررسی این مطالعه نشان می دهد که برای حمایت از متخصصان سلامت در انتخاب، توسعه و اجرای مداخلات برای افزایش سلامت جسمی افراد سندرم داون، مداخلات تمرینی دقیق تر و گزارش تمرینات لازم است. با این حال، با توجه به تعداد کمی از مطالعات و محدودیت های آن ها، یافته های حاضر این مطالعه باید در نظر گرفته شود. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

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فصلنامه علمی- پژوهشی علوم پیراپزشکی وتوانبخشی
دوره 11، شماره 4
اسفند 1401
صفحه 107-124

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