مقایسه تاثیر تمرینات برایتونیک و یوگا بر سطح تعادل و عملکرد حرکتی دختران کم توان ذهنی آموزش پذیر

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد آسیب شناسی ورزشی و حرکات اصلاحی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، موسسه آموزش عالی حکیم نظامی، قوچان، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه بهداشت و طب ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار گروه آسیب شناسی ورزشی و حرکات اصلاحی ، دانشکده تربیت بدنی وعلوم ورزشی، موسسه آموزش عالی حکیم نظامی ، قوچان، ایران

4 استادیار گروه بهداشت و طب ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

هدف:
عقب ماندگی ذهنی یکی از رایج ترین معلولیت های ذهنی است که با اختلال در حفظ تعادل و ضعف در عملکرد حرکتی مبتلایان همراه می باشد. هدف ازاین تحقیق مقایسه تمرینات برایتونیک و یوگا بر سطح تعادل و عملکرد حرکتی دختران کم توان ذهنی آموزش پذیر بود.
روش بررسی:
در این مطالعه ی نیمه تجربی، جامعۀ آماری شامل تمامی دخترانِ کم توان ذهنیِ آموزش پذیر 12-7 ساله شهرستان مشهد بود که تعداد 45 نفر با میانگین ± انحراف معیار سن به سال (2/59± 11/34)، قد به سانتیمتر (6/91± 149) و وزن به کیلوگرم  (6/13±39/52) در قالب سه گروه 15 نفره کنترل، برایتونیک و یوگا قرار گرفتند. گروه های تجربی تمرینات را به مدت شش هفته(سه جلسه 45 دقیقه ای در هفته) انجام دادند. در پیش آزمون و پس آزمون از آزمون لک لک، Y و آزمون برخاستن و رفتن به ترتیب برای تعادل ایستا، پویا و عملکرد حرکتی سه گروه استفاده شد. از آزمون t زوجی با آزمون تعقیبی بونفرونی و آزمون کوواریانس با سطح معناداری (0/05≥α) برای بررسی تفاوت بین گروه ها استفاده شد.
یافته‌ها:
نتایج درون گروهی نشان داد که تمرینات برایتونیک و یوگا باعث بهبود تعادل ایستا، تعادل پویا و عملکرد حرکتی کودکان می‌ شوند (0/001=P). همچنین نتایج بین گروهی نشان داد که تعادل ایستا، تعادل پویا و عملکرد حرکتی به طور معنا‌داری در گروه تمرینات یوگا و برایتونیگ نسبت به گروه کنترل بهتر بود (0/001=P). اما هیچ تفاوت معناداری بین اثربخشی تمرینات یوگا و برایتونیک در بهبود تعادل ایستا و پویا و عملکرد حرکتی وجود نداشت (0/05<p)).
نتیجه‌گیری:
با توجه به تمرینات برایتونیک و یوگا  بر هر دو فاکتور تعادل و عملکرد حرکتی، پیشنهاد می‌ شود از تمرینات برایتونیک و یوگا در برنامه های توانبخشی دانش آموزان کم توان ذهنی استفاده گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

مراجع

  1. Mashhadi M, Ghasemi GH, Zolaktaf M. The Effect of selected exercise training on thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis of adolescents with mental retardation. JRRS 2012; 8(1): 192-201. [Persian]
  2. Arjmandnia AA, Fathabadi R, Taherian M, Ashori M. The effectiveness of rhythmic movement practices on executive functions of students with intellectual disability. ICSS 2017; 21: 68-74.
  3. Yalfani A, Jalali N, Gholami Borujeni B, Ahmadnezhad L. The effect of eight weeks playing therapy program on balance in 10-12 years old mentally retarded children. JPSR  2017; 6(1): 65-74. [Persian]
  4. Majid JF. Principles, foundations and Aim of Handicap sports. tehran: hatmi; 2019..
  5. Pise V, Pradhan B, Gharote M. Effect of yoga practices on psycho-motor abilities among intellectually disabled children. J Exerc Rehabil. 2018; 14(4): 581.
  6. Gholami Borujeni B, Moradi M, Ghasemi B. A survey on the effect of core stabilization training program on the static and dynamic balance of mentally retarded students. Nursing and Midwifery Journal 2015; 13(2): 147-153. [Persian]
  7. Duristine JL, More GE, Painter PL, Robert OS. ACSM, S Exercise management for persons with chronic diseases and disabilities. Human Kinetics; 2009: 359-367.
  8. Behroz-Sarcheshmeh S, Karimi M, Mahmoudi F, Shaghaghi P, Jalil-Abkenar SS. Effect of training of life skills on social skills of high school students with intellectual disabilities. PCP 2017; 5(3): 177-86. [Persian]
  9. Shahmive Isfahani A, Faramarzi S. The Effect of Group Play Training on Adaptive Behavior of Girls and Boys with Educable Mental Disabilities. Knowledge & Research in Applied Psycholog. 2014; 5(3): 64-70. [Persian]
  10. Tavanapour Mina RFH. The Impact of a Training brailtonic on motor perceptual abilities of students National Conference on Applied Science and Health, Tabriz, Shahid Madani University of Azerbaijan. 2015.
  11. Jafari M, Badami R. Comparison of the effect of basic gymnastic exercises in the environment with different colors on static and dynamic balance. JRSM 2017; 15: 50-58. [Persian]
  12. Carmeli E, Zinger-Vaknin T, Morad M, Merrick J. Can physical training have an effect on well-being in adults with mild intellectual disability?. Mech Ageing Dev 2005; 126 (2): 299-304.
  13. Bianca CF, Camelia P. The Influence of Aquatic Gymnastics Programs on Children with Disabilities. RJPT 2016; 21(37): 112-122.
  14. Blomqvist S, Olsson J, Wallin L, Wester A, Rehn B. Adolescents with intellectual disability have reduced postural balance and muscle performance in trunk and lower limbs compared to peers without intellectual disability. Research in Developmental Disabilities. Elsevier 2013; 34(1): 198-206.
  15. Chiba Y, Shimada A, Yoshida F, Keino H, et al. Risk of fall for individuals with intellectual disability. AJIDD 2009; 114(4): 225-36.
  16. Chu CH, Pan CY. The effect of peer-and sibling-assisted aquatic program on interaction behaviors and aquatic skills of children with autism spectrum disorders and their peers/siblings. RASD 2012; 6(3): 1211-1223.
  17. Aghaii Nejad G A FS, Kareimi M. Effect of regular exercises to improve adaptive behavior of educable mentally retarded students. Journal of Development & Motor Learning 2013; 6: 511-529.
  18. Amouzadehkhalili M, Rasoulzadeh M, Pahlavanian A. The comparison of motor skills in mentall retardation and normal children with intellectual age in 6-7 ages. Semnan Medicine University 2012; 13(4): 460-464. [Persian]
  19. Fazel-Kalkhoran J, Homayounnia M, Mohammadzadeh M. The impact of primary school games on the social development of educable mentally retarded children. Iran J Health Educ Health Promot 2015; 3(3): 266-276. [Persian]
  20. Aval MH, Bahrami H, Sima T, Shirazi MA, Salehi M. The effect of Sina educational instrument on reading accuracy of educable mentally retarded students. Iranian Journal of Exceptional Children 2010; 10(4): 351-358. [Persian]
  21. Kaya M, Yildiz K. The Effect of Montessori Programme on the Motion and Visual Perception Skills of Trainable Mentally Retarded Individuals. JETS 2019; 7(2): 120-128.
  22. Bagheri M SA. The effect of physical activity, especially in social adjustment and perceptual-motor operation of mentally retarded students. Journal of Exceptional Education 2009; 80: 3-9.
  23. 2B J. The impact of dance on perceptual-motor skills of educable mentally retarded children Prep [Master dissertation]. Payamnoor University. 2012.
  24. Hemler ME. Genetic evidence for tetraspanin functions. In Tetraspanins  Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands 2013; 169-186.
  25. Ahmadi R, Hasan D, Hosin BA. The effect of 6 weeks core stabilization training program on the balance in mentally retarded students. Sports Medicine Journal/Medicina Sportivâ. 2012; 8(4): 496-501. [Persian]
  26. Amiriizadeh F, Bagheri S, Faraji G. The effect of braille tonic training on static, dynamic balance and psychological factors in adult females. Journal of psychological science (JPS) 2020; 18(83): 2117-2124. [Persian]
  27. Karimi M. Investigating the effect of Brailltonic exercise on stable attention and static balance in children with ADHD, Yazd city. International conference on humanities and social sciences 2015.
  28. Ghanbari H, Abadi BA. Exploring the effect of rhythmic movements of yoga on social interactions of children with intellectual disability elementary school boy Sangan. Journal of Psychology and Education Studies 2011; 11: 88-171. [Persian]
  29. Khazaei AA, Kahrizi N, Razeghi R. Effect of selected yoga exercises on the balance of dominance and non-dominance leg of middle age women. JRRS 2014; 10(2): 269-280. [Persian]
  30. Swanson A. Science of yoga: understand the anatomy and physiology to perfect your practice. Penguin; 2019.
  31. Sadeghi heydar MSK, Nabavi Nik H. Sports Biomechanics Lab Guide. 2, editor. tehran: Hatmi; 2011. [Persian]
  32. Wilson BR, Robertson KE, Burnham JM, Yonz MC, et al. The relationship between hip strength and the Y balance test. J Sport Rehabil 2018; 27(5): 445-450.
  33. Aslankhani MA, Fathi Rezaei Z, Zamani Thani SHt , Aqdasi MT. Validity and reliability of timed take-off and walking tests and early functional access to assess the risk of falling in the elderly salmand. 2015; 10: 1-11.
  34. Aggarwal A, Kumar S, Zutshi K. The relationship between corstability performance and the lower extremities statistic balance performance in recreationally active individuals. Nigerian Journal of Medical Rehabilitation 2012; 15: 11-16.
  35. Shafizadeh A, Mohamadi Z. The effect of 8 weeks of core stability training on static and dynamic balance in mentally retarded children 8 to 10 years. Motor Behavior 2017; 9(27): 105-118. [Persian]
  36. Kubilay NS, Yildirim YÜ, Kara Bİ, Harutoglu Akdur H. Effect of balance training and posture exercises on functional level in mental retardation. Fizyoterapi Rehabilitasyon. 2011; 22(2): 55-64.
  37. Ashori M, Yazdanipour M. Investigation of the effictiveness of group play therapy training with cognitive-behavioral approach on the social skills of students with intellectual disability. Jrehab 2018; 19(3): 262-275. [Persian]
  38. Jorgensen MG, Rathleff MS, Laessoe U, Caserotti P, et al. Time-of-day influences postural balance in older adults. Gait posture 2012; 35(4): 653-657.
  39. Andi H BAH. Effect of 6-week core stabilization exercises on dynamic balance of mentally retarded and normal subjects. Journal for Research in Sport Medicine and Technology 2013; 2: 77-83.
  40. Bana S, Sajedi F, Mirzaie H, Rezasoltani P. The efficacy of cognitive behavioral play therapy on self esteem of children with intellectual disability. Iranian Rehabilitation Journal 2017; 15(3): 235-242.
  41. Sadeghi F, Safavi S, Nezakatoalhosani M. Effect of perceptual-motor exercise on social growth in children with educable intellectual disability. Motor Behavior 2017; 9(28): 37-52. [Persian]
  42. Sheihk M MH, Nejadsahebi N, Najafifard A The effect of selective period of sport training on balance of boy mentally retarded educable children. National Conference on Psychology, Educational Sciences and Social Sciences 2014: 214-228.
  43. Shumway-Cook A, Anson D, Haller S. Postural sway biofeedback: its effect on reestablishing stance stability in hemiplegic patients. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1988; 69(6): 395-400.
  44. Farzaneh Hessari, Amin. A scientist, Hassan. Mahdavi, Solmaz, (2010). The effect of eight weeks of central stability training program on the balance of hearing impaired students. Journal of sports medicine. 2019; 7: 83-167. [Persian]
  45. Kwon YJ, Park SJ, Jefferson J, Kim K. The effect of open and closed kinetic chain exercises on dynamic balance ability of normal healthy adults. J Phys Ther Sci 2013; 25(6): 671-674.
فصلنامه علمی- پژوهشی علوم پیراپزشکی وتوانبخشی
دوره 12، شماره 2
شهریور 1402
صفحه 45-56

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار