1. Hayden JA, van Tulder MW, Malmivaara A, Koes BW. Exercise therapy for treatment of non-specific low back pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2005; 20 (3): CD000335.
2. Staal JB, Hlobil H, Twisk JW, Smid T, Köke AJ, van Mechelen W. Graded activity for low back pain in occupational health care: a randomized, controlled trial. Ann Intern Med 2004; 20; 140(2): 77-84.
3. Airaksinen, O., et al. "Chapter 4 European guidelines for the management of chronic nonspecific low back pain. European Spine Journal 2006; 15 Suppl 2:S192-300.
4. Shoja Aldin SS, Sadeghi H, Bayat Tork M. Relationship between the trunk muscles endurance and anthropometric characters with low back pain among athletes with lumbar lordosis. Journal of Movement Science & Sports 2009; 6(12): 23-33. [Persian]
5. Rittweger J, Just K, Kautzsch K, Reeg P, Felsenberg D. Treatment of chronic lower back pain with lumbar extension and whole-body vibration exercise: a randomized controlled trial. Spine 2002; 27(17): 1829-34.
6. Swinkels IC, Van den Ende CH, van den Bosch W, Dekker J, Wimmers RH. Physiotherapy anagement of low back pain: does practice match the Dutch guidelines? Aust J Physiother 2005; 51(1): 35-41.
7. Akuthota V, Ferreiro A, Moore T, Fredericson M. Core stability exercise principles. Curr Sports Med Rep 2008; 7(1): 39-44.
8. Furlan AD, Imamura M, Dryden T, Irvin E. Massage for low back pain: an updated systematic review within the framework of the Cochrane Back Review Group. Spine 2009; 34(16): 1669-84.
9. Nachemson A, Waddell G, Norlund AI. Chronic low back pain. Neck and Back Pain:The scientific evidence of causes, diagnosis,and Treatment. Published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Philadelphia 2000.
10. Wing PC. Minimizing disability in patient with low back pain, Canadian Medical Association Journal 2001; 164(10): 1459-68.
11. Rutledge E, Silvers W, Browder K, Dolny D. Metabolic-cost comparison of submaximal land and aquatic treadmill exercise. International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education 2007; 1(2): 118-133.
12. Waller B, Lambeck J, Daly D. Therapeutic aquatic exercise in the treatment of low back pain: a systematic review. Clinical Rehabilitation 2009; 23(1): 3-14.
13. Sedaghati N, Hematfar A, Behpour N. The effect of selected spinal core-muscle tabilization training in water on pain intensity and lumbar lordosis. Journal of Kashan University of Medical Sciences 2013; 17(3): 267-274.
14. Willison KD. Integrating Swedish massage therapy Lund I. Massage as a pain relieving method. Physiotherapy 2000; 86(12): 638-654.
15. Lund, I. Massage as a pain relieving method. Physiotherapy 2000; 86(12): 638-654.
16. O'Sullivan PB, Phyty GD, Twomey LT, Allison GT. Evaluation of specific stabilizing exercise in the treatment of chronic low back pain with radiologic diagnosis of spondylolysis or spondylolisthesis. Spine 1997; 22(24): 2959-67.
17. M Preyde. Effectiveness of massage therapy for subacute low-back pain: a randomized controlled trial. Canadian Medical Association Journal 2000; 162(13): 1815–1820.
18. Bello AI, Kalu NH, Adegoke BO, Agyepong-Badu S. Hydrotherapy versus land-based exercises in the management of chronic low back pain: a comparative study. Journal of Musculoskeletal Research 2010; 13(4): 159-65.
19. Mousavi SJ, Parnianpour M, Mahdian H, Montazeri A, Mobini B. The Oswestry Disability Index, the Roland Moris Disability Questionnair and the Quebec Back Pain DisabilityScale. Translation and Validation Studies of the Iranian Versions spine 2006; 31(14): 454- 9.
20.
Wewers ME,
Lowe NK. A critical review of visual analogue scales in the measurement of clinical phenomena. Research in nursing & health 1990; 13(4): 227-236.
22. Colby L, Kisner C. Therapeutic Exercise. Foundations and Techniques. FA Davis Company Philadelphia: 2007.
23. Panahi F, Kamali Sarvestani F. Compare massage and modalities in the treatment of female patients with acute and chronic nonspecific low back pain. Improvements Scientific Journal of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 2011; 15(5): 327-32.
24. Dundar U, Solak O, Yigit I, Evcik D, Kavuncu V. Clinical effectiveness of aquatic exercise to treat chronic low back pain: a randomized controlled trial. Spine 2009; 34(14):1436-40.
25. Olson DA, Kolber MJ, Patel C, Pabian P, Hanney WJ. Aquatic Exercise for Treatment of Low-Back Pain A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine 2013; 7(2): 154-60.
26. Barela AM, Duarte M. Biomechanical characteristics of elderly individuals walking on land and in water. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2008; 18(3): 446-54.
27. Lee JH, Ooi Y, Nakamura K. Measurement of muscle strength of the trunk and the lower extremities in subjects with history of low back pain. Spine 1995; 20(18): 1994-6.
28. Kumar S, Beaton K, Hughes T. The effectiveness of massage therapy for the treatment of nonspecific low back pain: a systematic review of systematic reviews. International journal of general medicine 2013; 4(6):733-41
30. Brosseau L, Wells GA, Poitras S, Tugwell P, Casimiro L, Novikov M, et al. Ottawa Panel evidence-based clinical practice guidelines on therapeutic massage for low back pain. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2012; 16(4): 424-55.
31. Ernst E, Posadzki P and Lee MS. Reflexology: an update of a systematic review of randomised clinical trials. Maturitas 2011; 68(2): 116-20.
33. Hernandez-Reif M, Diego M, Field T. Preterm infants show reduced stress behaviors and activity after 5 days of massage therapy. Infant Behav Dev 2007; 30(4): 557-61.