تأثیر‎ ‎تمرینات منتخب ویدئویی_تعاملی بر مهارت‌های حرکتی درشت، هماهنگی چشم و دست و شدت علایم ‏اختلال کودکان 6 تا 9سال مبتلا به اختلالات طیف اتیسم

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری رشد حرکتی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

2 استاد گروه رفتار حرکتی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

3 استادیار گروه آمار، دانشکده علوم ریاضی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

4 استادیار گروه کودکان، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

چکیده

هدف:
اختلالات طیف اتیسم معمولا با اختلالات مهارت ‌های حرکتی درشت، هماهنگی حرکتی بخصوص هماهنگی بینایی - حرکتی و اختلالات رفتاری همراه است. هدف از این مطالعه بررسی تأثیر تمرینات منتخب ویدئویی - تعاملی بر مهارت ‌های حرکتی درشت، هماهنگی چشم و دست و شدت علایم اختلال در کودکان 6 تا 9 سال مبتلا به اختلالات طیف اتیسم بود.
روش بررسی:
30 کودک 6 تا 9 سال مبتلا به اختلالات طیف اتیسم از دو مرکز آموزشی کودکان مبتلا به اتیسم در مشهد انتخاب و به طور تصادفی به دو گروه تجربی و کنترل تقسیم شدند. گروه تجربی علاوه بر برنامه آموزشی و توانبخشی روزانه مرکز اتیسم، به مدت 12 هفته و هر هفته سه جلسه 40 دقیقه‌ای در بازی‌ های ویدئویی - تعاملی شرکت کردند و گروه کنترل تنها به فعالیت‌ های آموزشی و توانبخشی روزانه مرکز پرداختند. آزمودنی‌ها با آزمون ‌های بهره حرکتی درشت Ulrich ویرایش دوم، آزمون جاگذاری Purdue و پرسشنامه شدت علایم اختلال اتیسم بهر (Autism Spectrum Quotient; AQ) در پیش‌آزمون، پس‌آزمون و آزمون پیگیری، ارزیابی شدند. داده ‌ها با تحلیل واریانس با اندازه ‌های تکراری، تحلیل شد.
یافته‌ ها:
نتایج نشان داد گروه تجربی نسبت به گروه کنترل بهبود معنی‌داری در مهارت‌ های حرکتی درشت و هماهنگی چشم و دست داشتند و این اختلاف در آزمون پیگیری نیز پایدار بود (0/001>p)، اما بین دو گروه در شدت علایم اختلال تفاوت معناداری وجود نداشت (0/424=p).
نتیجه‌ گیری: 
استفاده از بازی‌ های ویدئویی - تعاملی استراتژی جدیدی برای بازی با کودکان اختلالات طیف اتیسم است که می‌تواند بر بسیاری از جنبه‌های این اختلال مانند مهارت ‌های حرکتی درشت و هماهنگی چشم و دست تأثیر مثبتی داشته باشد، اما بررسی تأثیر این بازی‌ها بر شدت علایم اختلال نیازمند پژوهش‌ های بیشتری است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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فصلنامه علمی- پژوهشی علوم پیراپزشکی وتوانبخشی
دوره 9، شماره 3
آذر 1399
صفحه 39-50

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