مروری نظام مند بر روش‎‌ ‎های تمرین درمانی پساحاد بهبودیافتگان کووید -19‏

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای گروه آسیب شناسی ورزشی و حرکات اصلاحی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران

2 استاد گروه آسیب شناسی ورزشی و حرکات اصلاحی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران

3 دانشیار گروه آسیب شناسی ورزشی و حرکات اصلاحی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران

4 دانشیار بیماری های ریه، گروه داخلی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی قم، قم، ایران

چکیده

هدف:
کووید-19 عوارض و علائم ماندگار مختلفی از جمله اختلالات مختلف جسمانی، شناختی و عملکردی دارد. توانبخشی این شرایط پس از مرحله حاد از طریق فعالیت­ بدنی و تمرین، در مطالعات مختلفی پیشنهاد شده است. هدف از مطالعه حاضر، بررسی مروری روش ­های تمرین درمانی مرحله پس از حاد بیماران بهبود یافته از کووید- 19 می ­باشد.
روش بررسی:
در این مطالعه مروری، مقالات مرتبط از پایگاه­ های اطلاعاتی شامل Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, DOAJ, Scopus, Springer, SID, Inlm. از سال 2019 تا سپتامبر سال 2021، مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. همچنین در فرایند جستجو مقالات از کلمات کلیدی: کووید-19 (و مشابه آن)، پس از حاد، بهبودیافته، ترخیص شده، توانبخشی و تمرینات استفاده شد.
یافته ‌ها:
پس از اعمال معیارهای ورود و خروج، تعداد 19 مقاله به دست آمد که به بررسی تاثیر تمرینات توانبخشی بر متغیرهای مختلف بیماران کووید-19 پس از بهبودی از فاز حاد یا ترخیص از بیمارستان پرداخته بودند. تمرینات تنفسی، تمرینات هوازی، تمرینات مقاومتی، تمرینات تعادلی، آب درمانی از مهمترین روش­ های تمرین درمانی برای بهبودیافتگان کووید-19 بود. نتایج بررسی مطالعات نشان داد که تمرین درمانی در بهبودیافتگان کووید-19بر ظرفیت عملکردی به ویژه راه رفتن (14 مطالعه)، عملکرد ریوی (6 مطالعه)، عملکرد جسمانی مثل قدرت دست (6 مطالعه)، اختلالات روانشناختی (6 مطالعه) و کیفیت زندگی (4 مطالعه) تاثیر داشته است.
نتیجه‌ گیری:
برنامه ­های تمرین درمانی برای بازماندگان کووید-19 می تواند در قالب تمرینات توانبخشی ریوی و حرکتی اجرا شوند. همچنین بهبودیافتگان می ­توانند تمرینات خود را به روش خانگی و از راه دور انجام دهند. به طور کلی توانبخشی ورزشی پساحاد در بهبودیافتگان کووید-19 با هدف بهبود عملکرد ریوی، بازیابی ظرفیت عملکردی و همچنین بهبود وضعیت روانی و کیفیت زندگی توصیه می ­شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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فصلنامه علمی- پژوهشی علوم پیراپزشکی وتوانبخشی
دوره 11، شماره 1
خرداد 1401
صفحه 94-108

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