تاثیر و ماندگاری 6 هفته تمرینات ثبات مرکزی بر تعادل و عملکرد کمری- لگنی زنان دارای ضعف عضلات ناحیه ‏مرکزی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد گروه آسیب شناسی ورزشی و حرکات اصلاحی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ‏ایران‏

2 استادیار گروه آسیب شناسی ورزشی و حرکات اصلاحی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران

چکیده

هدف:
ثبات ناحیه مرکزی پیش ­نیازی مهم برای انجام مهارت ­های ورزشی و فعالیت های روزمره مانند راه رفتن، بالا رفتن از پله و تعادل است. بنابراین هدف از مطالعه حاضر بررسی تاثیر و ماندگاری 6 هفته تمرینات ثبات مرکزی بر تعادل و عملکرد کمری- لگنی زنان دارای ضعف عضلات ناحیه مرکزی بود.
روش­ بررسی:
مطالعه حاضر از نوع نیمه تجربی با طرح پیش ­آزمون، پس­ آزمون و پیگیری بود. تعداد ۳۰ زن فعال شهرستان مهاباد به صورت هدفمند و در دسترس از بین جامعه آماری انتخاب شده و به صورت تصادفی به دو گروه ۱۵ نفری کنترل و تجربی تقسیم شدند. برای ارزیابی تعادل ایستا، تعادل پویا، عملکرد کمری-لگنی و استقامت عضلات تنه به ترتیب از آزمون­های لک­لک (Stork)، تعادل وای ( Y Balance; Y)، پایین آمدن از پله رو به جلو  (Forward Step-Down; FSD)و مک­گیل (McGill) استفاده شد. پس از انجام پیش­آزمون، گروه تجربی تمرینات را به مدت ۶ هفته و سه جلسه در هفته اجرا کردند و گروه کنترل فعالیت­های روزانه خود را ادامه دادند. سپس هر دو گروه در پس آزمون شرکت کردند و یک ماه بعد از تمرینات، از متغیرهای پژوهش پیگیری به عمل آمد. برای مقایسه داده­ها از آزمون تحلیل واریانس با اندازه‌گیری مکرر در سطح معنی­داری 05/0 استفاده شد. 
یافته ­ها:
نتایج در گروه تمرینی نشان داد که تمرینات ثبات مرکزی بر متغیرهای تعادل ایستا (0/001=p؛ 1/31=λ)، تعادل پویا (001/0=p؛ 1/08=λ)، عملکرد کمری-لگنی (0/001=p؛ 1/57=λ) و استقامت تنه (0/001=p؛ 4/77=λ) تاثیر معنی‌داری داشت. اما اثرات تمرین پس از یک ماه بی تمرینی تنها در متغیر عملکرد کمری-لگنی ماندگار بود (0/73=p؛ 0/35=λ). همچنین نتایج آزمون تعقیبی بونفرونی در پس آزمون نشان داد که بین دو گروه در تمام متغیرهای بررسی شده تفاوت معنی­داری وجود دارد و گروه تجربی عملکرد بهتری داشته است (0/05>p). در مرحله پیگیری بین دو گروه تنها در متغیرهای عملکرد کمری-لگنی (0/001=p) و استقامت تنه (0/001=p) تفاوت وجود داشت.
نتیجه­ گیری:
با توجه به نتایج حاصل از مطالعه،  تمرینات ثبات مرکزی باعث بهبود تعادل ایستا و پویا، عملکرد کمری-لگنی و استقامت تنه زنان میانسال شد. بنابراین به مربیان و درمانگران توصیه می­شود از تمرینات ثبات مرکزی به عنوان پروتکل تمرینی موثر در برنامه ­های خود استفاده کنند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

مراجع

  1. Panjabi M, Abumi K, Duranceau J, Oxland T. Spinal stability and intersegmental muscle forces. A biomechanical model. Spine 1989; 14(2): 194-200.
  2. Clark M, Lucett S. NASM essentials of corrective exercise training: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2010.
  3. Willson JD, Dougherty CP, Ireland ML, Davis IM. Core stability and its relationship to lower extremity function and injury. JAAOS-Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons 2005; 13(5): 316-325.
  4. Akuthota V, Nadler SF. Core strengthening. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation 2004; 85: 86-92.
  5. Hodges PW, Richardson CA. Contraction of the abdominal muscles associated with movement of the lower limb. Physical therapy. 1997;77(2):132-142.
  6. Robinson RL, Nee RJ. Analysis of hip strength in females seeking physical therapy treatment for unilateral patellofemoral pain syndrome. Journal of orthopaedic & sports physical therapy 2007; 37(5): 232-238.
  7. Kavcic N, Grenier S, McGill SM. Quantifying tissue loads and spine stability while performing commonly prescribed low back stabilization exercises. Spine 2004; 29(20): 2319-2329.
  8. Akuthota V, Ferreiro A, Moore T, Fredericson M. Core stability exercise principles. Current sports medicine reports 2008; 7(1): 39-44.
  9. Vera-Garcia FJ, Grenier SG, McGill SM. Abdominal muscle response during curl-ups on both stable and labile surfaces. Physical therapy 2000; 80(6): 564-569.
  10. Kibler WB, Press J, Sciascia A. The role of core stability in athletic function. Sports Med 2006; 36(3): 189-198.
  11. Akuthota V, Nadler S. Core strengthening. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 2004; 85: S82-S92.
  12. Shahrokhi M, Baluchi R, Ebrahimi H. Effect of six week Pilates exercises on disability, abdominal and back muscle strength in patients with chronic low back pain due to disc herniation. Studies in Sport Medicine 2015; 7(17): 98-83.[Persian]
  13. Wilder DG, Aleksiev AR, Magnusson ML, Pope MH, et.al. Muscular response to sudden load: a tool to evaluate fatigue and rehabilitation. Spine 1996; 21(22): 2628-2639.
  14. McCaskey AJ, editor The effects of core stability training on Star Excursion Balance Test and global core muscular endurance 2011.
  15. Melo RdS, Lemos A, Macky CFdST, Raposo MCF, et.al. Postural control assessment in students with normal hearing and sensorineural hearing loss. Brazilian Journal of otorhinolaryngology 2015; 81: 431-438.
  16. Kisner C, Colby LA, Borstad J. Therapeutic exercise: foundations and techniques: Fa Davis; 2017.
  17. Skelton DA, Beyer N. Exercise and injury prevention in older people. Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports 2003; 13(1): 77-85.
  18. Greenlund LJ, Nair KS. Sarcopenia—consequences, mechanisms, and potential therapies. Mechanisms of ageing and development 2003; 124(3): 287-299.
  19. Brumitt J, Matheson JW, Meira EP. Core stabilization exercise prescription, part I: current concepts in assessment and intervention. Sports Health 2013; 5(6): 504-509.
  20. Piry H, Naserpour N, Sheikhhosseini R. The Effect of Core Stability Exercises on Static and Dynamic Balance in Healthy Older Men. Journal of Gerontology 2023; 7(4): 61-74. [Persian]
  21. Zahedi h, Amini Nnajafabadi n. Comparing the Effects of Pilates and Core Stability Training on Dynamic Balance and the Improvement of Cognitive Function in Elderly Females. Journal of Sport Management and Motor Behavior 2021; 17(33): 110-197.] Persian[
  22. Gopika S, Dinakaran R. Effect of eight-week core stabilization program on core muscle endurance and function in female staff nurses. National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology 2017.
  23. Salar S, Daneshmandi H. The Effect of 8 Weeks of Core Stability Training Program on Lumbar-Pelvic Function in Children with Autism Spectrum. Sport Sciences and Health Research 2016; 8(1): 67-81. [Persian]
  24. Stephenson J, Swank A. Core Training: Designing a Program for Anyone. Strength and conditioning journal 2004; 26: 34-37.
  25. Fong DT-P, Hong Y, Chan L-K, Yung PS-H, et.al. A systematic review on ankle injury and ankle sprain in sports. Sports medicine 2007; 37: 73-94.
  26. Murphy D, Connolly D, Beynnon B. Risk factors for lower extremity injury: a review of the literature. British journal of sports medicine 2003; 37(1): 13-29.
  27. Cook G, Burton L, Hoogenboom BJ, Voight M. Functional movement screening: The use of fundamental movements as an assessment of function‐part 1. International journal of sports physical therapy 2014; 9(3): 396.
  28. Demoulin C, Vanderthommen M, Duysens C, Crielaard JM. Spinal muscle evaluation using the Sorensen test: a critical appraisal of the literature. Joint Bone Spine 2006; 73(1): 43-50.
  29. Kahle NL, Gribble PA. Core stability training in dynamic balance testing among young, healthy adults. Athletic Training & Sports Health Care 2009; 1(2): 65-73.
  30. Momeni S, Moghaddasi A, Farahpour N, Golpayegani M, Darehbidi MA. The effect of exercise therapy on pain, disability and endurance of trunk flexor-extensor muscles in women with chronic idiopathic low back pain. Journal of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences 2012; 15(5): e79020. [Persian]
  31. Guthrie RJ, Grindstaff TL, Croy T, Ingersoll CD, et.al. The effect of traditional bridging or suspension-exercise bridging on lateral abdominal thickness in individuals with low back pain. Journal of sport rehabilitation 2012; 21(2): 151-160.
  32. Ghasemi G, Goharjoo M, Faizi M. Effects of conventional core stability and core stability suspension exercises on multifidus muscle endurance, pain and quality of life in people with nonspecific chronic low back pain. Jundishapur Scientific Medical Journal 2020; 18(6): 571-584. [Persian]
  33. Johnson BL, Nelson JK. Practical measurements for evaluation in physical education. 1969.
  34. Tahmasebi S, Ghods Mirheydari S. The Effect of Different Imagery Methods on Balance in Female Students of University of Tehran. Journal of Sports and Motor Development and Learning 2012; 4(1): 111-127. [Persian]
  35. Plisky PJ, Gorman PP, Butler RJ, Kiesel KB, et al. The reliability of an instrumented device for measuring components of the star excursion balance test. North American journal of sports physical therapy: NAJSPT 2009; 4(2): 92.
  36. Sipe CL, Ramey KD, Plisky PP, Taylor JD. Y-balance test: A valid and reliable assessment in older adults. Journal of aging and physical activity 2019; 27(5): 663-669.
  37. Shaffer SW. SP USA, Deydre S. Teyhen, SP USA, Chelsea L Lorenson, et.al. Y-Balance Test: A Reliability Study Involving Multiple Raters, Military Medicine 2013; 178(11): 1264-1270.
  38. Park K-M, Cynn H-S, Choung S-D. Musculoskeletal predictors of movement quality for the forward step-down test in asymptomatic women. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy 2013; 43(7): 504-510.
  39. McGill SM, Childs A, Liebenson C. Endurance times for low back stabilization exercises: clinical targets for testing and training from a normal database. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation 1999; 80(8): 941-944.
  40. Araujo S, Cohen D, Hayes L. Six weeks of core stability training improves landing kinetics among female capoeira athletes: A pilot study. Journal of human kinetics 2015; 45(1): 27-37.
  41. Örgün E, Kurt C, Özsu İ. The effect of static and dynamic core exercises on dynamic balance, spinal stability, and hip mobility in female office workers. Turk J Phys Med Rehabil 2020; 66(3): 271-280.
  42. Mustu T, Esen HT. The Effect of Eight-Week Core Training Applied to High School Girls on Balance. Journal of Education and Learning 2020; 9(1): 251-257.
  43. Kloubec JA. Pilates for improvement of muscle endurance, flexibility, balance, and posture. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research 2010; 24(3): 661-667.
  44. Kibler WB, Press J, Sciascia A. The role of core stability in athletic function. Sports medicine 2006; 36: 189-198.
  45. McGill SM. Low back exercises: evidence for improving exercise regimens. Physical therapy 1998; 78(7): 754-765.
  46. Robinson RH, Gribble PA. Support for a reduction in the number of trials needed for the star excursion balance test. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation 2008; 89(2): 364-370.
  47. Verheyden G, Vereeck L, Truijen S, Troch M, et al. Trunk performance after stroke and the relationship with balance, gait and functional ability. Clinical rehabilitation. 2006;20(5):451-458.
  48. Salar S, Daneshmandi H. Relationship between Lumbar-Pelvic Function and Static and Dynamic Balance in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders. Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine  2017; 6: 168-179. [Persian]
  49. Fadaei Dehcheshmeh P, Gandomi F, Maffulli N. Effect of lumbopelvic control on landing mechanics and lower extremity muscles’ activities in female professional athletes: implications for injury prevention. BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2021; 13(1): 1-11.
  50. Jung S-h, Hwang U-j, Ahn S-h, Kim H-a, et.al. Lumbopelvic motor control function between patients with chronic low back pain and healthy controls: a useful distinguishing tool: The STROBE study. Medicine 2020; 99(15): e19621.
  51. Perrott MA, Pizzari T, Opar M, Cook J. Development of clinical rating criteria for tests of lumbopelvic stability. Rehabilitation Research and Practice 2012; 2012.
  52. Hodges PW. Core stability exercise in chronic low back pain. Orthopedic Clinics 2003; 34(2): 245-254.
  53. Ilbeigi S, Nikbin L, Afzalpour ME. The effect of six weeks of core stability exercise on pain and trunk muscle endurance in girl students with chronic non-specific low back pain. Journal of Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences 2014; 2(2): 5-13. [Persian]
  54. Mohebi Rad Z, Norasteh AA. The effect of a six-week core stability exercises on balance, strength, and endurance in female students with trunk defects. Physical Treatments-Specific Physical Therapy Journal 2020; 10(4): 231-238.
  55. Shankar G, Chaurasia V, Zambare PD. Effect of core stabilization exercise in improvingtrunk endurance. IJHSR 2011; 1(1): 1-6.
فصلنامه علمی- پژوهشی علوم پیراپزشکی وتوانبخشی
دوره 12، شماره 3
آذر 1402
صفحه 52-67

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار